Overview (Mzuzu City)

The goals of this analysis are:

For given travel times (60, 90, 120 minutes) or geographical distances (5, 8, 10 km), estimate the proportion and number of PLHIV that can reach their closest ART facility. This is done on a district and traditional authority (TA) level.
Produce a gridded PLHIV prevalence map of Malawi using the WorldPop population density map and Naomi PLHIV estimates that supports the identification of locations that may be underserved.
Incorporate travel time maps that indicate the time and distance needed to reach the closest ART facilities, based on a combination of digital elevation and land cover maps as well as road layouts in Malawi.
Identify and propose new candidate facilities and locations for ART treatment scaling-up activities.

For the detailed methodology on how these maps were created, please refer to the supplementary material provided.

Download the full district report here.

Mzuzu City Maps

Population, PLHIV and Travel Times

Malawi Overview Map

Each pixel on the map corresponds to an area of 1km x 1km. Below we display a map of Malawi with some general information:

Population: population density using the WorldPop population density map, adjusted to the 2018 census numbers.
PLHIV: gridded prevalence estimates of the number of people living with HIV (“PLHIV density estimates”).
HIV Prevalence: estimated gridded HIV prevalence.
Geographical distance: direct distance (in km) to the closest ART facility.
Walking time: estimated travel time (in minutes) to the closest ART facility at a given pixel.

Additionally, it is possible to add markers with facility locations to the map:

ART Facilities: health facilities that provide ART services and had at least one patient on ART in 2020 (based on the DHA-MIS database).
- “Private for profit” facilities are excluded from the analysis.
- The number of ART patients in Q3/2020 is provided in the brackets.
Non-ART Facilities (Static): other (nonprofit) health facilities that do not currently provide ART facilities. (These include facilities that have indicated that they have capacity to provide ART services).

Time Thresholds

By comining the travel time maps with the gridded PLHIV prevalence, the number of PLHIV that is not reached within a certain time limit or distance (km) is computed. This is visualised in the below two maps, stratified by geographical distance and walking time.

Example interpretations:

Walking 15 minutes: this gives a map of the regions with PLHIV for which the closest facility is more than 15 mintues (walking time) away.
5km distance: this gives a map of the regions with PLHIV for which the closest facility is more than 5km (geographical distance) away.

TA analysis

To support the analysis, we have computed the proportion and number of PLHIV that are not reached within a given time or distance. Higher percentages correspond to a larger proportion of PLHIV that is not reached within the relevant area.

Candidate Facilities (60 Minutes)

Below we provide proposed facilities for scaling-up activities, illustrated on the maps. Green areas indicate additional PLHIV that can be reached through the proposed facilities within 60 minutes. Note: facility labels were aligned to district reports that were disseminated.

Summary Information

Summary estimates for Mzuzu City, September 2020.
Total PLHIV (all ages)	16,539 (13,108–20,484)
HIV prevalence, age 15-49 years	9.3% (7.4%–11.6%)
Total patients receiving ART	16,274
Average walking time to nearest ART (minutes)	19 (18–19)
Number PLHIV > 60 minutes walking time	112 (82–145)
Percentage PLHIV > 60 minutes walking time	0.7% (0.5%–0.8%)

Facility List

ART Facilities

List of active ART facilities that had at least 1 registered ART patient in September 2020. The column “ART” indicates how many ART patients are registered at the ART facility. Facilities outside the district boundaries that may be accessible to residents within the district are marked with “*“.
ID	District	TA	Name	Type	Authority	Long.	Lat.	ART
A1	Mzuzu City	Luwinga Ward	Mzuzu Central Hosp.	Central hospital	Government	34.00	-11.43	5402
A2	Mzuzu City	Masasa Ward	Mzuzu HC	Health centre	Government	34.01	-11.46	3877
A3	Mzuzu City	Katawa Ward	St John’s Mission Hosp.	District hospital	CHAM	34.03	-11.45	2781
A4	Mzuzu City	Masasa Ward	MACRO Mzuzu	Special	NGO	34.01	-11.47	2729
A5	Mzuzu City	Jombo - Kaning’ina Ward	Moyale Barracks HC	Special	Other	34.04	-11.46	672
A6	Mzuzu City	Nkhorongo - Lupaso Ward	Nkhorongo HC	Health centre	CHAM	33.98	-11.39	425
A7	Mzuzu City	Masasa Ward	Mzuzu Central Prison	Special	Other	34.02	-11.46	179
A8	Mzuzu City	Masasa Ward	FPAM Clinic Mzuzu	Health centre	NGO	34.02	-11.46	125
A9	Mzuzu City	Jombo - Kaning’ina Ward	St John of God Clinic	Special	CHAM	34.01	-11.46	84

Non-ART Facilities

List of non-ART facilities considered in the analysis. The column “PLHIV” indicates the number of PLHIV that currently need more than 60 minutes to walk to the closest ART facility but less than 60 minutes to the listed health facility in the table. Facilities outside the district boundaries that may be accessible to residents within the district are marked with “*“.
ID	District	TA	Name	Type	Authority	Long.	Lat.	PLHIV	95% CI
F1	Mzuzu City	Zolozolo East Ward	Zolozolo HP	Health Post	Government	34.02	-11.44	6	(4-8)
F2	Mzuzu City	Masasa Ward	Escom, Mzuzu	Clinic	Government	34.02	-11.46	0	(0-0)
F3	Mzuzu City	Katawa Ward	Mary Mount Clinic	Clinic	CHAM	34.04	-11.44	6	(4-8)
F4	Mzuzu City	Luwinga Ward	Mzuzu Sobo Clinic	Clinic	Company	34.01	-11.42	0	(0-0)
F5	Mzuzu City	Jombo - Kaning’ina Ward	Mzuzu Police Clinic	Special	Other	34.02	-11.46	0	(0-0)
F6	Mzuzu City	Jombo - Kaning’ina Ward	BLM Mzuzu	Special	NGO	34.02	-11.46	0	(0-0)
F7*	Mzimba South	TA Kampingo Sibande	Lusangazi Disp.	Dispensary	Government	33.94	-11.50	304	(206-415)

Distances and travel times to ART facilities for PLHIV

March 2022